Steam engine



(No Model.) 4 Shets-Sheet 1.

} J. A, GROSHON. 1 DIRECT ACTING STEAM ENGINE.

No. 444,829. Patented Jan. 20, 1891 WWW/Mimi,

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WITNESSES:

(N Model) 4 Sheets-Sheet 12.

J. A. GROSHON.

DIRECT ACTING STEAM ENGINE.

No. 444,829. Patented Jan. 20, 1894 4 Sheet's-Sheet 3.

No Model.)

J. A. GROSHON. DIRECT ACTING STEAM ENGINE.

Patented Jan. 20,

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THE Magma ya'rzns cm, mommmu, WASHINGTON, a c.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-SheetM4.

J. A. GROSHON. DIRECT ACTING STEAM ENGINE.

No. 444,829. 4 Patented Jan. 20, 1891.

MTT-TTJIFIVEY.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

-JOI-IN A. GROSHON, OF NEW .YORK, N. Y.

DIRECT-ACTING STEAM-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 444,829, dated January 20, 1891.

Application filed September 18, 1890- Serial N0.365,350. (llo model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN A. GRosHoN, a. citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Direct-Acting Steam-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in direct-acting steam-engines, and particularly to improvements in the direct-acting duplex pumping-engines of the well-known Blake pattern. In this class of engines, in which the steam is used eXpansively, it is necessary that a force be created which will act in opposition to the main piston-rod during the first portion of its stroke and in conjunction with said rod during the latter portion of its stroke. Heretofore this supplemental force has been created by auxiliary cylinders which have been in communication with a source of pressure and have had their pistons c011- nected by suitable mechanism with the main piston-rod of the engine between the steam and water cylinders.

It is the purpose of the present invention to dispense with these auxiliary cylinders for opposing the main piston-rod during the first portion of its stroke and acting in conjunction with same during the latter part of its stroke and to create the supplemental force directly in the main water-cylinder and transmit it through any suitable connecting mechanism to the main piston-rod.

To this end my invention consists in one or more plungers acting in the main water cylinder or cylinders and connected by suitable mechanism with the main piston rod or rods, whereby the pressure within said cylinder or cylinders is utilized to act in opposition to said piston rod or rods during the first portion of the stroke and in conjunction therewith during the latter portion of the stroke.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly broken away, of the water-cylinder of a steam pumping-en gine with my invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a section of same on the dotted line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is avertical longitudinal section of the water-cylinder, illustrating a modified application of the invention. Fig. 4 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the watercylinder, with mechanism for applying the force of the auxiliary plunger to the main piston-rod during the first portion of its stroke, so as to actin opposition thereto for a definite distance and then in conjunction therewith during the remainder of its stroke; Fig. 5, an end view of same; Fig. 6, a vertical sectional view on the line 0 6 of Fig. 4; Fig. 7, a transverse longitudinal section through the watercylinder, and showing a plan or top view of the connecting mechanism for applying the power to oppose and then aid the main piston-rod and Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional View on the dotted line 8 8 of Fig. 7.

In the drawings, A designates the main piston-rod passing from the steam-cylinder (not shown) to the water-cylinder B, in which said rod carries the plunger 0 and has a reciprocatin g motion. The plunger G has its movement in the usual frame E, and the cylinder is provided with the customary supply and discharge ports and other well-known features necessary for its successful operation.

Upon opposite sides of the main plunger 0 are the auxiliary plungers F G, provided with the rods H H and adapted to have a reciproeating movement in the frames I, which with the frame F are connected with and form a part of the partition J, whereby the opposite end chambers of the water-cylinder are separated from each other. tis to be noted that the ends of the auxiliary plungers F G are exposed to the pressure of the water within the chambers of the water-cylinder B. The rods H H, connected with the auxiliary plungers F G, extend through the end of the cyliuder B, and will be connected by any suitable mechanism with the main piston-rod A, whereby the pressure on the plungers may be brought in opposition to said rod during the first part of its stroke and in conjunction therewith during the latter part of its stroke.

In use the main water-plunger C and auxiliary plungers F G will move in opposite directions, and hence the pressure of the water will act alternately upon the opposite ends of the auxiliary plungers, and thus create the force which will oppose the piston-rod A during the first portion of its stroke and assist the same during the latter portion of its stroke.

I prefer to employ two of the auxiliary pluninders and their means of connection with a source of pressure and employ in lieu thereof one or more auxiliary plungers located directly in the water-cylinder, where they can directly receive and transmit the pressure of the water. It is to be noted that I do not use auxiliary cylinders for storing up and giving off power, but leave the water in the cylinder.

B, where it belongs, and utilize the natural pressure therein.

In the modified form of the invention shown in Fig. 3 the main water-plunger O is made hollow and incloses the auxiliary plunger F, whose operation is the same with regard to the effect on the main piston-rod A as though it were at the side of said plunger 0.

In Figs. 4 to 8, inclusive, I illustrate particularly a form of connecting mechanism whereby the force on the auxiliary plunger may be transmitted to the main piston-rod, so as to oppose its movement during the first portion of its stroke and to act in conjunction therewith during the latter portion of its stroke, and in these figures I have illustrated for convenience a single plunger F, having a movement within the casing K, located within the main watenplunger O. The rod of the plunger F is lettered L and extends outward beyond the rear end of the water-cylinder B, as illustrated more clearly in Fig. 7, and is connected with the slide M, whose lower portion is connected by a link N with the upper arms 0 of the double three-armed lever P, mounted upon the shaft Q, as illustrated by dotted lines in Fig. 4 and full lines in Fig. 8. The left-hand end of the link N is held between the upper ends of the arms 0 of the levers P by means of the pin It. There are two of the levers P, corresponding exactly with each other, and they are east side by side on a single hub which is mounted upon the shaft Q. I The transverse arms S T of the levers P are connected by pins V, upon which are mounted the upper ends of the connectingrods V, which extend downward and are respectively collared upon the transverse pins X, located in the outer ends of the arms Y, which arms constitute a portion of the frame Z, mounted upon the shaft. a, which is supported in the lower end of the frames b and carries upon its opposite ends the crankwheels 0, the relations of which are illustrated more clearly in Fig. 5.

The opposite ends of the shaft Q have rigidly affixed upon them the lower ends of the levers (Z, whose upper ends are mounted upon the pins 6 and are connected by the links. f

with the rods lettered g h, respectively, extending from the main water-cylinder O and forming continuations or rearwardly-projecting extensions of the main pistonrod A.

The rear ends of the rods g h are connected with the slides i, which with the slide M are adapted to have a reciprocating movement on the bed-plate which is suitably grooved to receive and guide said slides. Upon the pins 8 are also mounted the upper ends of the connecting-rods m, as shown'in Fig. 5, which rods correspond with each other and have their lower ends secured upon pins n, extendin g outward from the crank-wheels c. It will thus be observed that each of the rods g h is connected with the shaft a and shaft Q by means of the links f, lever d, pins e, rod on,

'and crank-wheel 0, while said shaft a is,

through the medium of the rods W, levers P, links N, and slide M, connected with the rod L of the auxiliary plunger F.

In the operation of the mechanism above d escrihed it will be observed that the forward movement of the main piston-rod of the engine will cause the plunger C to move toward the rear end of thcwater-cylinder B and that this movement will cause the levers cl to travel on the arc described by the dotted line if in Fig. 4, carrying with them the upper ends of the connecting-rods m and turning the crank-wheels c a definite distance, which latter movement causes a partial rotation of the shaft a and frame Z with the effect of imparting a corresponding rotation to the levers I and a definite rearward sliding movement of the link N, slide M, and rod L of the auxiliary plunger F. The auxiliary plunger F has thus a movement rearward corresponding with that of the main water-plunger C during a portion of the stroke of the main piston-rod A, and therefore the pressure of the water within the rear end or compartment of the Water-cylinder B will act upon or be transmitted to the auxiliary plunger F and operate to oppose any rearward movementof said auxiliary plunger with its rod L and connecting mechanism between said rod and the shaft a. This opposition to the rearward movement of the rod L, shaft a, and connecting mechanism is the force which opposes the movement of the main piston-rod during the firstportion of its stroke, and it will readily be seen that this force or pressure mustbe overcome by the main piston-rod, since during the first portion of its stroke said rod through the medium of its extensions 9 h is compelled to force the upper end of the lovers cl on the line of the arc lettered t in Fig. 4, and thereby lift the rods m from the line of their normal travel (represented by the dotted line a in Fig. 4) to move on the arc of the levers cl, in which operation the main piston-rod A is compelled to turn the wheels C and shaft a sufficiently to permit the elevation of the connecting-rods m, so that they may travel with the levers d, and in so doing the pressure of the auxiliary plunger F is thus overcome or caused to retard the motion of the main piston-rod A during the first portion of its stroke or until the levers cl havev assumed a vertical position at right angles with the rods g 71. As soon as IIO the levers cl have gained this vertical position at right angles with the rods 9 h the pressure on the auxiliary plunger F commences to act in conjunction with the main piston-rod, and this is due to the fact that the are t or line of travel of the levers cl and the arc u or line of travel of the connecting-rods m thereafter gradually approach each other, as indicated in Fig. 4, and a force is created through the connecting mechanism which, instead of opposing the movement of the main-piston rod, acts in conjunction with and aids the same. The pressure of the water within the cylinder B is thus utilized to oppose and assist the main piston-rod, and th use of auxiliary cylinders for storing up and giving off power is obviated. I have specially devised the mechanism above described for transmitting the pressure from the plunger F to the main piston-rod; but I do not confine the invention to its use nor to the details of its construction.

That I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a direct-acting steam-engine, a plunger or plungers in the main Water oylinderor cylinders and lever mechanism connecting the same with the main piston rod or rods, whereby the pressure in said cylinder or cylinders is caused to act in opposition to said rod or rods during the first portion of the stroke and in conjunction therewith during the latter part of the stroke, substantially as set forth.

2. In a direct-acting engine, the main water-cylinder having the usual plunger operable by the main piston-rod, combined with an auxiliary reciprocating plunger or plungers in said cylinder and lever mechanism connecting the same with the main pistonrod for transmitting the pressure of the water to the main piston-rod,the main and auxiliary plunger or plungers having a movement in opposite directions, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The main water-cylinder having the plunger and partition, combined with the auxiliary plunger or plungers whose ends are exposed to the pressure of the water at opposite sides of said partition and lever mechanism connecting the auxiliary plungers with the main piston-rod, whereby the pressure of the water may be caused to oppose the main piston-rod during the first portion of its stroke and to assist the same during the latter part of its stroke, substantiallyas set forth.

4. The water-cylinder with its main and auxiliary plungers, combined with lever d, the link connecting the same with the main piston-rod, the connecting-rod m, and intermediate mechanism between the end of said rod and the rod of the auxiliary plunger, whereby the pressure of the latter is transmitted to said rod m, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. The water-cylinder with its main and auxiliary plungers, combined with the lever cl, the link connecting the same with the main piston-rod, the connecting-rod m, connected at its upper end with theupper end of the lever d, the shaft a, the crank-wheel c thereon and securing the lower end of the rod m, the frame Z on the shaft a, the rods IV, extending upward from opposite sides of said frame, and the lever P, connected with the upper ends of said rods IV and by a link with the slide of the auxiliary plunger-rod, substantially as set forth.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 17th day of SeptembeiyA. D. 1890.

JOHN A. GROSHON. Witnesses:

CHAS. C. GILL, E. D. MILLER. 

